Questions & answers

The engine constantly consumes smaller amounts of oil, which requires regular level control and topping up between two oil changes. A small amount of oil burns in the cylinders, and a certain amount evaporates. Under normal conditions, the engine consumes 0.2 to 0.5 liters of oil per 1,000 km. In cases where the oil consumption is higher than 1 liter per 1000 km, an authorized service center should be consulted.
Regardless of the regular topping up, the oil must be changed within the period prescribed by the manufacturer.

Oil topping up between two oil changes is completely normal. It is usually not more than one liter, or a bit over, and depends on the model and instructions from the vehicle manufacturer. The advice is to check the oil level before each long trip, but also bring at least a liter, especially if it is an older vehicle model.

If you notice an increased oil consumption, you should contact a professional car service. Before that, pay attention to whether an oil puddle has formed under the vehicle, whether there has been a leak, because this information will help the service technician.
In addition to seal leaks, engine wear is the most common cause of leaks, especially in vehicles older than 10 years or with over 200,000 km.

The presence of glycol, soot, water and fuel in the oil can seriously damage the engine. In order to determine the presence and content of contaminants, it is necessary to pdo a laboratory analysis.

The oil removes impurities (soot and combustion products) and keeps them dispersed in the oil using additives of detergents and dispersants added to the oil. The fact that the oil is black, shows that it successfully performs its task and prevents insoluble particles and soot from forming deposits on the engine surfaces.

Mixing these two types of motor oils is not recommended due to the different packages of additives used in the production of both. In essence, mixing two different oils that have the same characteristics is not a problem, but the end result can not be guaranteed. If we add mineral to synthetic oil, it is obvious that the characteristics of synthetic will weaken and therefore it is better not to experiment.

If mineral oil is used in the engine, which is the original recommendation of the engine manufacturer, it is likely that the engine is covered with a certain amount of soot and sediment. High quality oils, such as synthetic, have strong detergent and dispersant properties, which means that soot and sediment left behind, will be washed. The oil, that picked up the impurities, will soon become dirty and get a dark color. Consequences can be clogging and blockage of filters and oil channels by washed soot and sediment, which can lead to engine damage. However, the recommendations of the engine manufacturer should be followed.

The resistance of a fluid to motion is called viscosity and it affects power losses and engine wear. At lower viscosities, the oil resistance is lower - lower engine power losses, at higher viscosities, the engine is more protected from wear and a compromise must be reached between these two requirements. This is where the advantages of high-quality oils, whose viscosity is relatively constant over a wide range of temperatures, are demonstrated. The viscosity of motor oils is marked in accordance with the SAE viscosity gradation.

It is very important to check the oil level and change it in accordance with the vehicle manufacturer's recommendation.
Regular check is recommended every 1.000 km, especially before longer trips. Oil change is an essential operation to keep the vehicle in good condition. Engine oil collects particles (combustion residues, residues and metal parts caused by work and wear, etc.), and also loses efficiency due to mixing with water or fuel, due to oxidation, wear of additives, which is why it must be changed at least once a year.
The amount of oil in the crankcase must be in the middle of the scale, between the minimum and maximum mark on the scale of the measuring rod. The difference between the maximum and minimum point on the scale is about 20% in the amount of oil in the crankcase. This means that if the oil level is low, the oil must work 20% more and with less additives, which causes rapid fluid circulation and accelerated degradation, as well as accelerated wear of mechanical engine parts that are insufficiently lubricated and cooled.
Oil filters must be changed when changing the oil. If the oil filter is clogged, the oil circulation is difficult, which increases the risk of overheating, interruption of the oil supply and damage to certain parts of the engine.

Subsequent addition of additives may lead to incompatibility with the additive package or base oil used in the production of the oil. This could lead to unnecessary damage.

No, because 4-stroke motorcycle engines do not work under the same conditions as car engines. Lubricants used for motorcycle engines can also be used for transmission and clutch. EP-additives (for high loads and pressures) are added in their formulation. Car engine oils also contain detergent additives with a high content of sulfate ash, which would cause deposition on the piston and gear in motorcycle engines and their permanent damage.

TBN is an acronym of the English words Total Base Number and represents the base reserve of engine oil. The ability of the oil to neutralize the acids formed in the process of fuel combustion and prevent corrosion of engine parts depends on the base reserve. Engine oils with a higher base reserve are able to neutralize these acids for longer and prevent their adverse effects on the engine. The highest percentage of these acids is due to the presence of sulfur in the fuel, which during fuel combustion creates a highly corrosive sulfuric acid, which the base compounds contained in the new engine oil (base reserve) neutralize.
The initial TBN value can be one of the indicators of engine oil quality, but it is also important how fast the base reserve is 'consumed'. Various additives added to the oil can affect on base oil reserve increasing, but they can also adversely affect the oil's ability to neutralize acids. High base reserve is very important in conditions when fuel with high sulfur content is used.

The deposits are formed as a consequence of the hydrolysis of some components from the additives. It is recommended to drain the old oil before adding new oil.

If we mix G11 antifreeze with G12 antifreeze, a chemical reaction can cause an appearance of a yellow / green precipitate due to the high percentage of silicates in G11. Therefore, such mixing is not recommended.
G12, G12 + and G12 ++ can be mixed without any problems.
In any case, it is the best to read the instructions from the can and follow the recommendation of the antifreeze manufacturer.

The most common cause is the penetration of air and water into the hydraulic system. Before we fill the tank, it is necessary to thoroughly wash the tank and check whether there is a place where the oil could leak or penetrate an undesirable substance.
The foam can also appear if oil level in the hydraulic tank is too low, as well as due to a wrongly chosen gradation of hydraulic oil viscosity.